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Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide for the DA42
190-00406-05 Rev. B
10-16
SECTION 10 – HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
Weather Mapping and Interpretation
Weather Display Interpretation
When evaluating various target returns on the weather
radar display, the colors denote precipitation intensity and
rates as shown in Figure 10-25.
Weather Mode
Color
Intensity
Approximate
Precipitation
Rate (in/hr.)
BLACK < 23 dBZ < .01.
GREEN 23 dBZ to < 32 dBZ .01 - 0.1.
YELLOW 32 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 0.1 - 0.5
RED 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 0.5 - 2
MAGENTA 50 dBZ and greater > 2
Figure 10-25 Precipitation Intensity Levels
Thunderstorms
Updrafts and downdrafts in thunderstorms carry water
through the cloud. The more severe the drafts, the greater
the number and size of the precipitation droplets. With
this in mind, the following interpretations can be made
from what is displayed on the weather radar. Avoid these
areas by an extra wide margin.
• In areas where the displayed target intensity is red or
magenta (indicating large amounts of precipitation),
the turbulence is considered severe.
• Areas that show steep color gradients (intense color
changes) over thin bands or short distances suggest
irregular rainfall rate and strong turbulence.
• Areas that show red or magenta are associated with
hail or turbulence, as well as heavy precipitation.
Vertical scanning and antenna tilt management
may be necessary to identify areas of maximum
intensity.
Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in
a line (Figure 10-26), individual cells may be in different
stages of development. Areas between closely spaced,
intense targets may contain developing clouds not having
enough moisture to produce a return. However, these
areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets
showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation
without severe turbulence.
Irregularities in the target return may also indicate
turbulence, appearing as “hooks”, “fingers”, or “scalloped”
edges (Figure 10-26). These irregularities may be present
in green areas with no yellow, red, or magenta areas and
should be treated as highly dangerous areas. Avoid these
areas as if they were red or magenta areas.
Steep Gradient
Squall Line
Hook or Finger
Scalloped Edge
Figure 10-26 Cell Irregularities
When displaying shorter ranges, periodically select a
longer range to see if problems are developing further out.
That can help prevent getting trapped in a “blind alley”
or an area that is closed at one end by convective weather
(Figure 10-27).
Figure 10-27 The ‘Blind Alley - Illustration
- Integrated Flight Deck 1
- WARNINGS 4
- CAUTIONS, & NOTES 4
- RECORD OF REVISIONS 7
- TABLE OF CONTENTS 10
- SECTION 1: SYSTEM OVERVIEW 13
- 1.1 PFD/MFD CONTROLS 14
- SECTION 1 15
- SYSTEM OVERVIEW 15
- 1.4 MFD PAGE GROUPS 21
- 1.5 BACKLIGHTING 21
- 1.6 DATABASE UPDATES 22
- Power down the G1000 23
- SECTION 2: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 25
- SECTION 2 26
- FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 26
- 2.1 AIRSPEED INDICATOR 27
- 2.2 ATTITUDE INDICATOR 27
- 2.3 ALTIMETER 28
- INDICATOR 29
- 2.6 VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR 29
- Course Pointer 31
- DME (optional) 32
- Navigation Source 32
- SECTION 3: ENGINE INDICATION 33
- SYSTEM (EIS) 33
- 3.3 FUEL DISPLAY 34
- SECTION 4: NAV/COM AND 35
- TRANSPONDER 35
- SECTION 4 – NAV/COM & 36
- 4.1 RADIO STATUS INDICATIONS 37
- 4.2 VOLUME 37
- 4.3 AUTOMATIC SQUELCH 37
- 4.5 OPTIONAL NAV RADIOS 37
- 4.6 FREQUENCY AUTO-TUNING 38
- 4.7 TRANSPONDER 39
- Flight ID Reporting 40
- SECTION 5: AUDIO PANEL 41
- 5.1 COM RADIO SELECTION 42
- 5.2 SPLIT COM FUNCTION 42
- 5.3 MARKER BEACON RECEIVER 42
- SECTION 5 – AUDIO PANEL 43
- 5.6 INTERCOM SQUELCH CONTROL 44
- AND PLAYER 44
- SECTION 6: AUTOMATIC FLIGHT 45
- Automatic Disengagement 46
- 6.3 LOSS OF DATA 47
- 6.4 PITCH AXIS MODES 47
- Pitch Hold Mode (PIT) 48
- Altitude Hold Mode (ALT) 49
- Vertical Speed Mode (VS) 50
- SECTION 6 – AUTOMATIC 51
- FLIGHT CONTROL 51
- Go-around Mode (GA) 52
- Glideslope (GS) 52
- 6.5 ROLL AXIS MODES 53
- Heading Select Mode (HDG) 54
- Go Around (GA) 56
- Departure 58
- Intercepting a VOR Radial 59
- Flying a GPS Flight Plan 60
- Flight Level Change (Descent) 61
- ILS Approach 62
- Go-Around / Missed Approach 63
- AFCS Status Alerts 64
- Overspeed Protection 65
- SECTION 7: NAVIGATION 67
- SECTION 7 – NAVIGATION 68
- 7.3 AIRPORT INFORMATION 69
- 7.4 INTERSECTION INFORMATION 70
- 7.5 NDB INFORMATION 70
- 7.6 VOR INFORMATION 71
- 7.8 NEAREST AIRPORTS 71
- 7.9 NEAREST INTERSECTIONS 73
- 7.10 NEAREST NDB 73
- 7.11 NEAREST VOR 74
- 7.12 NEAREST USER WAYPOINT 74
- 7.13 NEAREST FREQUENCIES 75
- 7.14 NEAREST AIRSPACES 75
- SECTION 8: FLIGHT PLANNING 77
- Map Page 78
- SECTION 8 – FLIGHT PLANNING 79
- 8.7 CREATE A NEW FLIGHT PLAN 80
- VNAV Page Menu Options 85
- SECTION 9: PROCEDURES 87
- 9.2 APPROACHES 88
- SECTION 9 – PROCEDURES 89
- SECTION 10: HAZARD AVOIDANCE 91
- Stormscope Page 92
- 10.3 XM WEATHER (OPTIONAL) 93
- Weather Products and Symbols 96
- Weather Product Age 96
- TAS600 Series 99
- Proximity Page 100
- Navigation Map 101
- (OPTIONAL) 102
- SECTION 10 – HAZARD 103
- AVOIDANCE 103
- 190-00406-05 Rev. B 105
- Figure 10-23 MPEL Boundary 105
- Operation in Weather Mode 107
- SECTION 11: ABNORMAL 117
- OPERATION 117
- 11.2 ABNORMAL COM OPERATION 118
- 11.3 UNUSUAL ATTITUDES 118
- LOSS OF HEADING INPUT 118
- SECTION 12 – ANNUNCIATIONS 119
- & ALERTS 119
- 12.1 ALERT LEVEL DEFINITIONS 120
- 12.2 AIRCRAFT ALERTS 121
- Annunciation Advisory Alerts 122
- Message Advisory Alerts 122
- TIS Voice Alerts 122
- 12.3 AFCS ALERTS 123
- Database Message Advisories 128
- GMA 1347 Message Advisories 129
- GIA 63 Message Advisories 129
- GEA 71 Message Advisories 131
- GTX 33 Message Advisories 132
- GRS 77 Message Advisories 132
- GMU 44 Message Advisories 133
- GDL 69/69A Message Advisories 133
- GDC 74A Message Advisories 133
- GWX 68 Message Advisories 133
- Blank Page 140
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